![]() European Union – the transition to LED lighting started in 2009 with the Ecodesign regulation, which mandated a phase-out of incandescent lamps.The East African Community – 6 countries – finalised harmonised standards in 2022, shifting both lamp and luminaire markets to LED technology.The Southern Africa Development Community (SADC), comprising 16 countries, has adopted a harmonised lighting standard to shift those markets – for both lamps and luminaires – to LEDs in the coming years.South Africa – published on, new efficiency requirements for all General Service Lamps (GLS) to meet at least 90 lm/W.Africa – a proposal for a global phase-out of fluorescent lamps was submitted to the Minamata Convention on Mercury by 36 African nations, calling for the phase-out compact fluorescent lamps in 2024 and linear fluorescent lamps in 2025.Mercury considerations are also limiting the use of flourescent lamps and driving higher efficacy standards. Almost 80% of the world’s lighting energy consumption is now covered by such standards, rising to more than 90% in Europe, the United States and China. Direct current (DC) grids also hold the potential to reduce losses from converting alternating current (AC) to DC (as LEDs run on DC).Īround 90 countries now use Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) and prohibit low-efficacy lighting products from the market. Further advances could be made through advanced LED modules (e.g., consisting of multiple-chip packages on a printed circuit board), for instance, or continuous improvements in optics. LEDs have become more efficient than any other economically viable alternative. The efficacy of new LEDs continues to rise, though needs to reach about 140 lm/W by 2030 to align with the Net Zero Scenario, which would be around 30% higher than the 2022 average. The best-in-class technologies now achieve over 200 lm/W, but they are currently more expensive. ![]() Since 2010 the average efficacy of LEDs has improved by around 4 lm/W each year. LEDs typically available in the residential market have an efficacy of over 100 lumens per watt (lm/W), depending on the model (e.g., directional, non-directional, tubular). LED efficiency, or efficacy, has improved considerably in recent years.
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